Sociologists at the Chigago school around the early 1900s were trying to come up with a way to understand why the city of Chicago was transforming so rapidly. In other words, Chicago grew rapidly in a short period of time. In 1860 there was a population of 112,000 and by 1900 it had increased to 1.5 million. The sociologists decided to follow an ecological model in which the population was refered to as biological entities that interacted with their environment. To the sociologists- in particular, Park, the reason why the city increased so rapidly was related to land use-in other words it was biotic. The city was apparently attempting to remain functional. Thus by continuously transforming, it was able to maintain itself.
According to a functionalist the ability to function is centered upon a system oriented towards being able to function. Also to functionalists, nothing is random and everything serves a purpose. In other words, Chicago wasn't just randomly increasing poplation wise. There had to be a specific reason behind it.
Here is a link explaining the origin and purpose of the CBD-the Central Business District, which is the geographic center of a city.http://geography.about.com/od/urbaneconomicgeography/a/cbd.htm
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